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経典: 長部経典
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Samatho ca vipassanā ca. Samathanimittañca paggahanimittañca. Paggaho ca avikkhepo ca. Sīlavipatti ca diṭṭhivipatti ca. Katame dve? Sīlasampadā ca diṭṭhisampadā ca. Sīlavisuddhi ca diṭṭhivisuddhi ca. Diṭṭhivisuddhi kho pana yathā diṭṭhissa ca padhānaṁ. Saṁvego ca saṁvejanīyesu ṭhānesu saṁviggassa ca yoniso padhānaṁ. Asantuṭṭhitā ca kusalesu dhammesu appaṭivānitā ca padhānasmiṁ.
Serenity and discernment. The basis of serenity and the basis of exertion. Exertion, and not being scattered. Failure in ethics and failure in view. What are the teachings grouped by two? Accomplishment in ethics and accomplishment in view. Purification of ethics and purification of view. Purification of view and making an effort in line with that view. Inspiration, and making a suitable effort when inspired by inspiring places. To never be content with skillful qualities, and to never stop tryi
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vīmaṁsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti. So imesaṁ catunnaṁ iddhipādānaṁ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā ākaṅkhamāno kappaṁ vā tiṭṭheyya kappāvasesaṁ vā. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno āyusmiṁ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi bahunnaṁ vassānaṁ bahunnaṁ vassasatānaṁ bahunnaṁ vassasahassānaṁ accayena aññataraṁ purisaṁ āmantesi: Bhuttā kho pana me mānusakā kāmā, samayo dāni me dibbe kāme pariyesituṁ. Ehi tvaṁ, tāta kumāra, imaṁ samuddapariyantaṁ pathaviṁ paṭipajja. Ahaṁ pana kesam
They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to inquiry, and active effort. Having developed and cultivated these four bases of psychic power they may, if they wish, live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it. This is long life for a mendicant. Then, after many years, many hundred years, many thousand years had passed, King Daḷhanemi addressed one of his men, I have enjoyed human pleasures. Now it is time for me to seek heavenly pleasures. Come, dear prince, rule this la
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
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Saṁvegamāpādu samecca gopakaṁ. ‘Handa viyāyāma byāyāma, Mā no mayaṁ parapessā ahumhā’; Tesaṁ duve vīriyamārabhiṁsu, Saṅghañcupaṭṭhāsiṁ pasannacittā. Anussaraṁ gotamasāsanāni. Idheva cittāni virājayitvā, Kāmesu ādīnavamaddasaṁsu; Te kāmasaṁyojanabandhanāni, Pāpimayogāni duraccayāni.
comprehending Gopaka, <j>they were struck with urgency. “Let’s strive, let’s try hard— we won’t serve others any more!” Two of them roused up energy, and I faithfully served the Saṅgha. recalling the Buddha’s instructions. Right away they became dispassionate, seeing the drawbacks in sensual pleasures. The fetters and bonds of sensual pleasures— the ties of the Wicked One so hard to break—
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Ayaṁ dutiyo sassatavādo. Puna caparaṁ, bhante, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya …pe… tathārūpaṁ cetosamādhiṁ phusati, yathāsamāhite citte anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati. Seyyathidaṁ—dasapi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni vīsampi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni tiṁsampi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni cattālīsampi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni, ‘amutrāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhadukkhappaṭisaṁvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṁ; tatrāpāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhadukk
This is the second eternalist doctrine. Furthermore, some ascetic or brahmin—by dint of keen, resolute, committed, and diligent effort, and right application of mind—experiences an immersion of the heart of such a kind that they recollect their past lives for as many as forty eons of the expansion and contraction of the cosmos, with features and details. There are these three eternalist doctrines. They say, ‘I know that in the past the cosmos expanded or contracted. I don’t know whether in the f
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etadānuttariyaṁ, bhante, sassatavādesu. Idha, bhante, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya …pe… tathārūpaṁ cetosamādhiṁ phusati, yathāsamāhite citte anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati. Seyyathidaṁ—ekampi jātiṁ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṁsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekānipi jātisatāni anekānipi jātisahassāni anekānipi jātisatasahassāni, ‘amutrāsiṁ evaṁnāmo
This is unsurpassable when it comes to eternalist doctrines. Firstly, some ascetic or brahmin—by dint of keen, resolute, committed, and diligent effort, and right application of mind—experiences an immersion of the heart of such a kind that they recollect many hundreds of thousands of past lives, with features and details. They say, ‘I know that in the past the cosmos expanded or contracted. I don’t know whether in the future the cosmos will expand or contract. The self and the cosmos are eterna
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Idha, bhante, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya …pe… tathārūpaṁ cetosamādhiṁ phusati, yathāsamāhite citte anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarati. Seyyathidaṁ—ekampi jātiṁ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṁsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṁvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe, ‘amutrāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhad
It’s when some ascetic or brahmin—by dint of keen, resolute, committed, and diligent effort, and right application of mind—experiences an immersion of the heart of such a kind that they recollect their many kinds of past lives. That is: one, two, three, four, five, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, a hundred, a thousand, a hundred thousand rebirths; many eons of the world contracting, many eons of the world expanding, many eons of the world contracting and expanding. They remember: ‘There, I wa
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Atikkamma ca purisassa chavimaṁsalohitaṁ aṭṭhiṁ paccavekkhati. Purisassa ca viññāṇasotaṁ pajānāti, ubhayato abbocchinnaṁ idha loke appatiṭṭhitañca paraloke appatiṭṭhitañca. Ayaṁ catutthā dassanasamāpatti. Catasso imā, bhante, dassanasamāpattiyo. Etadānuttariyaṁ, bhante, dassanasamāpattīsu. Idha, bhante, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ātappamanvāya padhānamanvāya anuyogamanvāya appamādamanvāya sammāmanasikāramanvāya tathārūpaṁ cetosamādhiṁ phusati, yathāsamāhite citte imameva kāyaṁ uddhaṁ pādatalā
Going further, they examine a person’s bones with skin, flesh, and blood. They understand of a person that their stream of consciousness is consistent on both sides: not established in either this world or the next. This is the fourth attainment of vision. There are these four attainments of vision. This is unsurpassable when it comes to attainments of vision. Firstly, some ascetic or brahmin—by dint of keen, resolute, committed, and diligent effort, and right application of mind—experiences an
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい
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Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako micchāājīvaṁ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvitaṁ kappeti. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāājīvo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo seyyathidaṁ— Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ anuppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; anuppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upp
It’s when a noble disciple gives up wrong livelihood and earns a living by right livelihood. This is called right livelihood. And what is right effort? It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is: It’s when a mendicant generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen are given up. They generate en
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
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Taṁ kissa hetu? Ahañhi ātappamanvāya padhānamanvāya anuyogamanvāya appamādamanvāya sammāmanasikāramanvāya tathārūpaṁ cetosamādhiṁ phusāmi yathāsamāhite citte anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi. Seyyathidaṁ—ekampi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭaṁ dvepi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni tīṇipi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni cattāripi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni pañcapi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni dasapi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni: “amutrāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhadukkhappaṭisaṁvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṁ; tatrāpāsiṁ ev
Why is that? Because by dint of keen, resolute, committed, and diligent effort, and right application of mind I experience an immersion of the heart of such a kind that I recollect my many kinds of past lives, with features and details. And what is the third ground on which they rely? Because of this I know: “The self and the cosmos are eternal, barren, steady as a mountain peak, standing firm like a pillar. They remain the same for all eternity, while these sentient beings wander and transmigra
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‘sassato attā ca loko ca vañjho kūṭaṭṭho esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhito; te ca sattā sandhāvanti saṁsaranti cavanti upapajjanti, atthi tveva sassatisamaṁ. Taṁ kissa hetu? Ahañhi ātappamanvāya padhānamanvāya anuyogamanvāya appamādamanvāya sammāmanasikāramanvāya tathārūpaṁ cetosamādhiṁ phusāmi, yathāsamāhite citte anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi. Seyyathidaṁ—dasapi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni vīsampi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni tiṁsampi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni cattālīsampi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭāni: “amutrāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo
‘The self and the cosmos are eternal, barren, steady as a mountain peak, standing firm like a pillar. They remain the same for all eternity, while these sentient beings wander and transmigrate and pass away and rearise. Why is that? Because by dint of keen, resolute, committed, and diligent effort, and right application of mind I experience an immersion of the heart of such a kind that I recollect my many kinds of past lives, with features and details. And what is the fourth ground on which they
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Katame dasa dhammā abhiññeyyā? Dasa nijjaravatthūni— sammādiṭṭhissa micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hoti. Ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, te cassa nijjiṇṇā honti. Sammāsaṅkappassa micchāsaṅkappo …pe… sammāvācassa micchāvācā … sammākammantassa micchākammanto … sammāājīvassa micchāājīvo … sammāvāyāmassa micchāvāyāmo … Ayampi dhammo nāthakaraṇo.
<em>What ten things should be directly known?</em> Ten grounds for wearing away. For one of right view, wrong view is worn away. And the many bad, unskillful qualities that arise because of wrong view are worn away. For one of right intention, wrong intention is worn away. … For one of right speech, wrong speech is worn away. … For one of right action, wrong action is worn away. … For one of right livelihood, wrong livelihood is worn away. … For one of right effort, wrong effort is worn away. …
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい
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Idhāvuso, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ anuppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu uppannaṁ bhadrakaṁ samādhinimittaṁ anurakkhati—aṭṭhikasaññaṁ, puḷuvakasaññaṁ, vinīlakasaññaṁ, vicchiddakasaññaṁ, uddhumātakasaññaṁ. Idaṁ vuccatāvuso, anurakkhaṇāpadhānaṁ. Cattāri ñāṇāni— dhamme ñāṇaṁ, anvaye ñāṇaṁ, pariye ñāṇaṁ, sammutiyā ñāṇaṁ. Aparānipi cattāri ñāṇāni— dukkhe ñāṇaṁ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṁ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṁ, dukkhanirod
A mendicant generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise. It’s when a mendicant preserves a meditation subject that’s a fine basis of immersion: the perception of a skeleton, a worm-infested corpse, a livid corpse, a split open corpse, or a bloated corpse. This is called the effort to preserve. <em>Four knowledges:</em> knowledge of the teaching, inferential knowledge, knowledge of encompassing, and conventional knowledg
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
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Idhāvuso, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti: Uppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati. ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho, bhagavā’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti: ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṁ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena saman
A noble disciple has experiential confidence in the Buddha: They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen are given up. ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ They have experiential confidence in the teaching: ‘The teaching is well explained by th
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Catasso dhātuyo— pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu. Anuppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ uppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati. Cattāro āhārā— kabaḷīkāro āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṁ catutthaṁ. Catasso viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo. Rūpūpāyaṁ vā, āvuso, viññāṇaṁ tiṭṭhamānaṁ tiṭṭhati rūpārammaṇaṁ rūpappatiṭṭhaṁ nandūpasecanaṁ vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjati; vedanūpāyaṁ vā āvuso … saññūpāyaṁ vā, āvuso …pe… saṅkhārūpā
<em>Four elements:</em> earth, water, fire, and air. They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities arise. <em>Four foods:</em> edible food, whether solid or subtle; contact is the second, mental intention the third, and consciousness the fourth. <em>Four grounds for consciousness:</em> As long as consciousness continues, it gets involved with form, supported by form, established on form. And with a sprinkle of relishing, it grows, increases,
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Cattāri agatigamanāni— chandāgatiṁ gacchati, dosāgatiṁ gacchati, mohāgatiṁ gacchati, bhayāgatiṁ gacchati. Cattāro taṇhuppādā— Uppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati. cīvarahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; piṇḍapātahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; senāsanahetu vā, āvuso, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati; itibhavābhavahetu vā,
<em>Four prejudices:</em> making decisions prejudiced by favoritism, hostility, stupidity, and cowardice. <em>Four things that give rise to craving:</em> They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are completed by development. Craving arises in a mendicant for the sake of robes, almsfood, lodgings, or rebirth in this or that state. <em>Four ways of practice:</em> painful pra
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
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Cattāro oghā— kāmogho, bhavogho, diṭṭhogho, avijjogho. Cattāro yogā— kāmayogo, bhavayogo, diṭṭhiyogo, avijjāyogo. Cattāro visaññogā— kāmayogavisaññogo, bhavayogavisaññogo, diṭṭhiyogavisaññogo, avijjāyogavisaññogo. Cattāro ganthā— Vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti. abhijjhā kāyagantho, byāpādo kāyagantho, sīlabbataparāmāso kāyagantho, idaṁsaccābhiniveso kāyagantho. Cattāri upādānāni—
<em>Four floods:</em> the floods of sensuality, desire for rebirth, views, and ignorance. <em>Four yokes:</em> the yokes of sensuality, desire for rebirth, views, and ignorance. <em>Four unyokings:</em> unyoking from the yokes of sensuality, desire for rebirth, views, and ignorance. <em>Four ties:</em> They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to energy, and active effort. the personal ties to covetousness, ill will, misapprehension of precepts and observances, and the insis
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Katamañcāvuso, saṁvarapadhānaṁ? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ, cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṁ sutvā … ghānena gandhaṁ ghāyitvā … jivhāya rasaṁ sāyitvā … dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ. kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṁ phusitvā … man
And what is the effort to restrain? When a mendicant sees a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details. If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint. When they hear a sound with their ears … When they smell an odor with their nose … When they taste a flavor with their tongue …
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
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Idaṁ vuccatāvuso, saṁvarapadhānaṁ. Katamañcāvuso, pahānapadhānaṁ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṁ kāmavitakkaṁ nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantiṁ karoti anabhāvaṁ gameti; uppannaṁ byāpādavitakkaṁ …pe… uppannaṁ vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ …pe… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantiṁ karoti anabhāvaṁ gameti. Idaṁ vuccatāvuso, pahānapadhānaṁ. Cattāro sammappadhānā. Katamañcāvuso, bhāvanāpadhānaṁ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganiss
This is called the effort to restrain. And what is the effort to give up? It’s when a mendicant doesn’t tolerate a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought that’s arisen, but gives it up, gets rid of it, eliminates it, and obliterates it. They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, get rid of them, eliminate them, and obliterate them. This is called the effort to give up. <em>Four right efforts:</em> And what is the effort to develop? It’s when a mendicant d
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
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dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … pītisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … samādhisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti … upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ. Idaṁ vuccatāvuso, bhāvanāpadhānaṁ. Katamañcāvuso, anurakkhaṇāpadhānaṁ? Tena kho pana samayena pāveyyakānaṁ mallānaṁ ubbhatakaṁ nāma navaṁ sandhāgāraṁ acirakāritaṁ hoti anajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena. Assosuṁ kho p
investigation of principles, energy, rapture, tranquility, immersion, and equanimity, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go. This is called the effort to develop. And what is the effort to preserve? Now at that time a new town hall named Ubbhaṭaka had recently been constructed for the Mallas of Pāvā. It had not yet been occupied by an ascetic or brahmin or any human at all. The Mallas of Pāvā also heard that the Buddha had arrived and was staying in Cunda’s
経典データの出典: SuttaCentral(CC0ライセンス)