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経典: vinaya
✕ クリア
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo— ‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmo bhikkhu saṅghena, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyakammakato sammā vattati, lomaṁ pāteti, netthāraṁ vattati, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyassa kammassa paṭippassaddhiṁ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyakammaṁ paṭippassambheyya. Esā ñatti. Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmo bhikkhu saṅghena, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyakammakato sammā vattati, lomaṁ pāteti, netthāraṁ vattati, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyassa kammassa paṭippassaddhiṁ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyakammaṁ paṭippassambheti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyassa kammassa paṭippassaddhi, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
A competent and capable monk should then inform the Sangha: ‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The Sangha has done a legal procedure of ejecting monk so-and-so for not giving up a bad view. He’s now conducting himself properly and suitably, and deserves to be released. He’s asking for that legal procedure to be lifted. If the Sangha is ready, it should lift that legal procedure of ejecting him for not giving up a bad view. This is the motion. Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The Sangha has done a legal procedure of ejecting monk so-and-so for not giving up a bad view. He’s now conducting himself properly and suitably, and deserves to be released. He’s asking for that legal procedure to be lifted. The Sangha lifts that legal procedure of ejecting him for not giving up a bad view. Any monk who approves of lifting that legal procedure should remain silent. Any monk who doesn’t approve should speak up.
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo. Ekato, upāli, dve honti, ekato dve, pañcamo anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti. Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo. Ekato, upāli, dve honti, ekato tayo, chaṭṭho anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti. Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo. Ekato, upāli, tayo honti, ekato tayo, sattamo anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti. Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo.
then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha. If there are two monks on one side and two on the other, and a fifth makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying, ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’ then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha. If there are two monks on one side and three on the other, and a sixth makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying, ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’ then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha. If there are three monks on one side and three on the other, and a seventh makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying, ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’ then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha.
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṁ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare ācariyassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Udakepi ācariyassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṁ uttaritvā attano gattaṁ vodakaṁ katvā nivāsetvā ācariyassa gattato udakaṁ pamajjitabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ. Ācariyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Sace uddisāpetukāmo hoti, uddisāpetabbo. Sace paripucchitukāmo hoti, paripucchitabbo. Yasmiṁ vihāre ācariyo viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo.
He shouldn’t sit encroaching on the senior monks, and he shouldn’t block the junior monks from getting a seat. While in the sauna, he should provide assistance to his teacher. When leaving the sauna, he should take the sauna bench, cover himself front and back, and then leave. He should also provide assistance to his teacher in the water. When he has bathed, he should be the first to come out. He should dry himself and put on his sarong. He should then wipe the water off his teacher’s body, and he should give him his sarong and then his upper robe. Taking the sauna bench, he should be first to return. He should prepare a seat, and also set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should ask his teacher if he wants water to drink. If the teacher wants him to recite, he should do so. If the teacher wants to question him, he should be questioned. If the dwelling where the teacher is staying is dirty, the pupil should clean it if he’s able.
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Tehi uddissamāne pātimokkhe, athaññe āvāsikā bhikkhū āgacchanti samasamā. Uddiṭṭhaṁ suuddiṭṭhaṁ, avasesaṁ sotabbaṁ. Uddesakānaṁ āpatti dukkaṭassa. Idha pana, bhikkhave, aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahuposathe sambahulā āvāsikā bhikkhū sannipatanti cattāro vā atirekā vā. ‘atthaññe āvāsikā bhikkhū anāgatā’ti. Te dhammasaññino vinayasaññino vaggā vaggasaññino uposathaṁ karonti pātimokkhaṁ uddisanti. Tehi uddissamāne pātimokkhe, athaññe āvāsikā bhikkhū āgacchanti thokatarā. Uddiṭṭhaṁ suuddiṭṭhaṁ, avasesaṁ sotabbaṁ. Uddesakānaṁ āpatti dukkaṭassa. Idha pana, bhikkhave, aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahuposathe sambahulā āvāsikā bhikkhū sannipatanti cattāro vā atirekā vā.
While they’re doing it, an equal number of resident monks arrive. In such a case, what has been recited is valid, and the remainder should be listened to. There’s an offense of wrong conduct for the reciters. On the observance day, four or more resident monks may have gathered together in a certain monastery. there are other resident monks who haven’t arrived. Perceiving that they’re acting according to the Teaching and the Monastic Law, yet correctly perceiving the assembly as incomplete, they do the observance-day ceremony and recite the Monastic Code. While they’re doing it, a smaller number of resident monks arrive. In such a case, what has been recited is valid, and the remainder should be listened to. There’s an offense of wrong conduct for the reciters. On the observance day, four or more resident monks may have gathered together in a certain monastery.
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Tatraṭṭho saṅgho vivadati— ‘adhammena vaggakammaṁ, adhammena samaggakammaṁ, dhammena vaggakammaṁ, dhammapatirūpakena vaggakammaṁ, dhammapatirūpakena samaggakammaṁ, akataṁ kammaṁ dukkaṭaṁ kammaṁ puna kātabbaṁ kamman’ti. Tatra, bhikkhave, ye te bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu— ‘dhammapatirūpakena samaggakamman’ti, ye ca te bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu— ‘akataṁ kammaṁ dukkaṭaṁ kammaṁ puna kātabbaṁ kamman’ti, ime tattha bhikkhū dhammavādino. Ime pañca vārā saṅkhittā. 28. Appaṭikammeukkhepanīyakammavivādakathā Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āpattiṁ āpajjitvā na icchati āpattiṁ paṭikātuṁ. Tatra ce bhikkhūnaṁ evaṁ hoti— ‘ayaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu āpattiṁ āpajjitvā na icchati āpattiṁ paṭikātuṁ.
The Sangha there starts disputing: ‘It was an illegitimate procedure done with an incomplete assembly,’ ‘It was an illegitimate procedure done with a unanimous assembly,’ ‘It was a legitimate procedure done with an incomplete assembly,’ ‘It was a legitimate-like procedure done with an incomplete assembly,’ ‘It was a legitimate-like procedure done with a unanimous assembly,’ ‘The procedure is invalid, it was badly done, and it needs to be done again.’ Those monks who say, ‘It was a legitimate-like legal procedure done with a unanimous assembly,’ and those who say, ‘The legal procedure is invalid, it was badly done, and it needs to be done again,’ they are the ones there who speak in accordance with the Teaching.” These five contracted sections are finished. 28. Discussion of disputes on the legal procedure of ejection for not making amends “It may be that a monk commits an offense but refuses to make amends for it. The monks consider, ‘This monk has committed an offense but refuses to make amends for it.
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Dutiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi …pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi— suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmo bhikkhu saṅghena, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyakammakato sammā vattati, lomaṁ pāteti, netthāraṁ vattati, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhepanīyassa kammassa paṭippassaddhiṁ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyakammaṁ paṭippassambheti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyassa kammassa paṭippassaddhi, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya. Paṭippassaddhaṁ saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge, ukkhepanīyakammaṁ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī’”ti. Pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhepanīyakammaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ sattamaṁ.
For the second time, I speak on this matter. … For the third time, I speak on this matter. Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The Sangha has done a legal procedure of ejecting monk so-and-so for not giving up a bad view. He’s now conducting himself properly and suitably, and deserves to be released. He’s asking for that legal procedure to be lifted. The Sangha lifts that legal procedure of ejecting him for not giving up a bad view. Any monk who approves of lifting that legal procedure should remain silent. Any monk who doesn’t approve should speak up. The Sangha has lifted that legal procedure of ejecting monk so-and-so for not giving up a bad view. The Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I’ll remember it thus.’” The seventh section on the legal procedure of ejection for not giving up a bad view is finished.
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū asammukhībhūtānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ kammāni karonti— “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā— “ananucchavikaṁ, bhikkhave, tesaṁ moghapurisānaṁ ananulomikaṁ appatirūpaṁ assāmaṇakaṁ akappiyaṁ akaraṇīyaṁ. Kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā asammukhībhūtānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ kammāni karissanti— Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Na, bhikkhave, asammukhībhūtānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ kammaṁ kātabbaṁ— tajjanīyaṁ vā, niyassaṁ vā, pabbājanīyaṁ vā, paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā, ukkhepanīyaṁ vā.
“Is it true, monks, that the monks from the group of six are doing this?” “It’s true, sir.” The Buddha rebuked them, “It’s not suitable for those foolish men, it’s not proper, it’s not worthy of a monastic, it’s not allowable, it’s not to be done. How can they do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “You shouldn’t do legal procedures— condemnation, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection—against monks who are absent.
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,初手で出すと冷たく見える,出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
‘atthaññe āvāsikā bhikkhū anāgatā’ti. Te dhammasaññino vinayasaññino vaggā vaggasaññino uposathaṁ karonti, pātimokkhaṁ uddisanti. Tehi uddiṭṭhamatte pātimokkhe …pe… avuṭṭhitāya parisāya …pe… ekaccāya vuṭṭhitāya parisāya …pe… sabbāya vuṭṭhitāya parisāya athaññe āvāsikā bhikkhū āgacchanti bahutarā …pe… samasamā …pe… thokatarā. Uddiṭṭhaṁ suuddiṭṭhaṁ, tesaṁ santike pārisuddhi ārocetabbā. Uddesakānaṁ āpatti dukkaṭassa.
there are other resident monks who haven’t arrived. Perceiving that they’re acting according to the Teaching and the Monastic Law, yet correctly perceiving the assembly as incomplete, they do the observance-day ceremony and recite the Monastic Code. When they’ve just finished … When they’ve just finished, and none of the gathering has left … When they’ve just finished, and only some members of the gathering have left … When they’ve just finished, and the entire gathering has left, a greater number of resident monks arrive … an equal number of resident monks arrive … a smaller number of resident monks arrive. In such a case, what has been recited is valid, and the late arrivals should announce their purity in the presence of the others. There’s an offense of wrong conduct for the reciters.”
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
“kissa, bhante, ayyo khañjatī”ti? “Pādā me, āvuso, phalitā”ti. “Handa, bhante, upāhanāyo”ti. “Alaṁ, āvuso, paṭikkhittā bhagavatā guṇaṅguṇūpāhanā”ti. “Gaṇhāhetā, bhikkhu, upāhanāyo”ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, omukkaṁ guṇaṅguṇūpāhanaṁ. Na, bhikkhave, navā guṇaṅguṇūpāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti. 5. Ajjhārāmeupāhanapaṭikkhepa
“Venerable, why are you limping?” “Because my feet are cracked.” “Well then, take these sandals.” “Thanks, but the Buddha has prohibited sandals with multi-layered soles.” But the Buddha said, “Please take the sandals.” Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “I allow second-hand sandals with multi-layered soles. But you shouldn’t wear new sandals with multi-layered soles. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” 5. The prohibition against sandals inside a monastery
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Handassa mayaṁ āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhepanīyakammaṁ karomā’ti. Te tassa āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhepanīyakammaṁ karonti— adhammena vaggā …pe… adhammena samaggā … dhammena vaggā … dhammapatirūpakena vaggā … dhammapatirūpakena samaggā. Tatraṭṭho saṅgho vivadati— ‘adhammena vaggakammaṁ, adhammena samaggakammaṁ, dhammena vaggakammaṁ, dhammapatirūpakena vaggakammaṁ, dhammapatirūpakena samaggakammaṁ, akataṁ kammaṁ dukkaṭaṁ kammaṁ puna kātabbaṁ kamman’ti. Tatra, bhikkhave, ye te bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—
Well then, let’s do a legal procedure of ejection against him for not making amends for an offense.’ They do the procedure— illegitimately and with an incomplete assembly. … illegitimately but with a unanimous assembly. … legitimately but with an incomplete assembly. … in a legitimate-like way and with an incomplete assembly. … in a legitimate-like way but with a unanimous assembly. The Sangha there starts disputing: ‘It was an illegitimate procedure done with an incomplete assembly,’ ‘It was an illegitimate procedure done with a unanimous assembly,’ ‘It was a legitimate procedure done with an incomplete assembly,’ ‘It was a legitimate-like procedure done with an incomplete assembly,’ ‘It was a legitimate-like procedure done with a unanimous assembly,’ ‘The procedure is invalid, it was badly done, and it needs to be done again.’ Those monks who say,
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammavādī puggalo adhammavādī sambahulā adhammavādī saṅgho. Dhammavādī puggalo dhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādī saṅgho. 1.1. Kaṇhapakkhanavaka Adhammavādī puggalo dhammavādiṁ puggalaṁ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhāhi, imaṁ rocehī’ti. Evañcetaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena. Adhammavādī puggalo dhammavādī sambahule saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti. Evañcetaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena.
If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. An individual who speaks contrary to the Teaching; several people who speak contrary to the Teaching; a sangha that speaks contrary to the Teaching. An individual who speaks in accordance with the Teaching; several people who speak in accordance with the Teaching; a sangha that speaks in accordance with the Teaching.” The group of nine on the dark side “An individual who speaks contrary to the Teaching persuades an individual who speaks in accordance with the Teaching—convinces him, makes him see, makes him consider, shows him, teaches him: ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; learn this, accept this.’ If a legal issue is resolved like this, it’s resolved illegitimately by a face-to-face-like resolution. An individual who speaks contrary to the Teaching persuades several people who speak in accordance with the Teaching—convinces them, makes them see, makes them consider, shows them, teaches them: ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; learn this, accept this.’ If a legal issue is resolved like this, it’s resolved illegitimately by a face-to-face-like resolution.
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dantakaṭṭhan”ti. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dīghāni dantakaṭṭhāni khādanti, teheva sāmaṇeraṁ ākoṭenti. “Na, bhikkhave, dīghaṁ dantakaṭṭhaṁ khāditabbaṁ. Yo khādeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgulaparamaṁ dantakaṭṭhaṁ, na ca tena sāmaṇero ākoṭetabbo. Yo ākoṭeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno atimaṭāhakaṁ dantakaṭṭhaṁ khādantassa kaṇṭhe vilaggaṁ hoti. “Na, bhikkhave, atimaṭāhakaṁ dantakaṭṭhaṁ khāditabbaṁ. Yo khādeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caturaṅgulapacchimaṁ dantakaṭṭhan”ti.
I allow tooth cleaners.” The monks from the group of six used long tooth cleaners, which they even used to smack the novices. “You shouldn’t use long tooth cleaners. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. I allow tooth cleaners that are at most thirteen centimeters long. And you shouldn’t use them to smack the novice monks. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” On one occasion a monk used a tooth cleaner that was too short and it got stuck in his throat. “You shouldn’t use tooth cleaners that are too short. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. You shouldn’t use tooth cleaners shorter than seven centimeters.”
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
“Saṅghabhedo saṅghabhedoti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgho bhinno hotī”ti? “Idhupāli, bhikkhū adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpenti. Dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpenti. Avinayaṁ vinayoti dīpenti. Vinayaṁ avinayoti dīpenti. Abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.
“Sir, we speak of ‘schism in the Sangha’. But how is there a schism in the Sangha?” “Take the case when monks proclaim what’s contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it. They proclaim what’s in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it. They proclaim what’s contrary to the Monastic Law as being in accordance with it. They proclaim what’s in accordance with the Monastic Law as contrary to it. They proclaim what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as spoken by him. They proclaim what’s been spoken by the Buddha as not spoken by him. They proclaim what wasn’t practiced by the Buddha as practiced by him. They proclaim what was practiced by the Buddha as not practiced by him.
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Yā anusāseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sammatāya anusāsituṁ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbā— attanā vā attānaṁ sammannitabbaṁ, parāya vā parā sammannitabbā. Kathañca attanāva attānaṁ sammannitabbaṁ? Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo— ‘suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya upasampadāpekkhā. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, ahaṁ itthannāmā itthannāmaṁ anusāseyyan’ti. Kathañca parāya parā sammannitabbā?
If she does, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. I allow a nun to instruct if she’s been appointed to do so. And it should be done like this. One is either appointed through oneself or through another. And how is one appointed through oneself? A competent and capable nun should inform the Sangha: ‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. So-and-so is seeking the full ordination with venerable so-and-so. If the Sangha is ready, I will instruct so-and-so.’ And how is one appointed through another?
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Vaggāvaggasaññipannarasakaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ. 30. Vematikapannarasaka Idha pana, bhikkhave, aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahuposathe sambahulā āvāsikā bhikkhū sannipatanti cattāro vā atirekā vā. ‘atthaññe āvāsikā bhikkhū anāgatā’ti. Te ‘kappati nu kho amhākaṁ uposatho kātuṁ na nu kho kappatī’ti— vematikā uposathaṁ karonti, pātimokkhaṁ uddisanti. Tehi uddissamāne pātimokkhe, athaññe āvāsikā bhikkhū āgacchanti bahutarā. Tehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi puna pātimokkhaṁ uddisitabbaṁ. Uddesakānaṁ āpatti dukkaṭassa. Idha pana, bhikkhave, aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahuposathe sambahulā āvāsikā bhikkhū sannipatanti cattāro vā atirekā vā.
The group of fifteen on perceiving an incomplete assembly as incomplete is finished. 30. The group of fifteen on being unsure “On the observance day, four or more resident monks may have gathered together in a certain monastery. there are other resident monks who haven’t arrived. They think, ‘Is it allowable for us to do the observance-day ceremony or not?’ Being unsure, they do the observance-day ceremony and recite the Monastic Code. While they’re doing it, a greater number of resident monks arrive. In such a case, those monks should recite the Monastic Code once more. There’s an offense of wrong conduct for the reciters. On the observance day, four or more resident monks may have gathered together in a certain monastery.
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
‘dhammapatirūpakena samaggakamman’ti; ye ca te bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu— ‘akataṁ kammaṁ dukkaṭaṁ kammaṁ puna kātabbaṁ kamman’ti, ime tattha bhikkhū dhammavādino. Ime pañca vārā saṅkhittā. 29. Appaṭinissaggeukkhepanīyakammavivādakathā Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na icchati pāpikaṁ diṭṭhiṁ paṭinissajjituṁ. Tatra ce bhikkhūnaṁ evaṁ hoti— ‘ayaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu na icchati pāpikaṁ diṭṭhiṁ paṭinissajjituṁ. Handassa mayaṁ pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhepanīyakammaṁ karomā’ti. Te tassa pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhepanīyakammaṁ karonti—
‘It was a legitimate-like legal procedure done with a unanimous assembly,’ and those who say, ‘The legal procedure is invalid, it was badly done, and it needs to be done again,’ they are the ones there who speak in accordance with the Teaching.” These five contracted sections are finished. 29. Discussion of disputes on the legal procedure of ejection for not giving up “It may be that a monk refuses to give up a bad view. The monks consider, ‘This monk refuses to give up a bad view. Well then, let’s do a legal procedure of ejection against him for not giving up a bad view.’ They do the procedure—
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,出家者向けの文脈
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Saddhammaṭṭhitiko buddho, sayambhū aggapuggalo; Āṇāpesi tajjanīya, kammaṁ sāvatthiyaṁ jino. Asammukhāppaṭipucchāp- paṭiññāya katañca yaṁ; Anāpatti adesane, desitāya katañca yaṁ. Acodetvā asāretvā, anāropetvā ca yaṁ kataṁ;
The Buddha, standing in the True Dhamma, Independent, the Supreme Person; The Victor: at Sāvatthī he ordered The procedure of condemnation. In the absence, without questioning, Without admission, and done against One without offense, not clearable by confession, Done against one who has confessed. Not having accused, not having reminded, And done without having charged;
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Adhammavādī puggalo dhammavādiṁ saṅghaṁ saññāpeti nijjhāpeti pekkheti anupekkheti dasseti anudasseti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhāhi, imaṁ rocehī’ti. Evañcetaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena. Adhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādiṁ puggalaṁ saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhāhi, imaṁ rocehī’ti. Evañcetaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena. Adhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādī sambahule saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti— ‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti. Evañcetaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati, adhammena vūpasammati sammukhāvinayapatirūpakena. Adhammavādī sambahulā dhammavādiṁ saṅghaṁ saññāpenti nijjhāpenti pekkhenti anupekkhenti dassenti anudassenti—
An individual who speaks contrary to the Teaching persuades a sangha that speaks in accordance with the Teaching—convinces it, makes it see, makes it consider, shows it, teaches it: ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; learn this, accept this.’ If a legal issue is resolved like this, it’s resolved illegitimately by a face-to-face-like resolution. Several people who speak contrary to the Teaching persuade an individual who speaks in accordance with the Teaching—convince him, make him see, make him consider, show him, teach him: ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; learn this, accept this.’ If a legal issue is resolved like this, it’s resolved illegitimately by a face-to-face-like resolution. Several people who speak contrary to the Teaching persuade several people who speak in accordance with the Teaching—convince them, make them see, make them consider, show them, teach them: ‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; learn this, accept this.’ If a legal issue is resolved like this, it’s resolved illegitimately by a face-to-face-like resolution. Several people who speak contrary to the Teaching persuade a sangha that speaks in accordance with the Teaching—convince it, make it see, make it consider, show it, teach it:
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Apaññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Paññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti. Anāpattiṁ āpattīti dīpenti. Āpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpenti. Lahukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpenti. Garukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpenti. Sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpenti. Anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpenti. Duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpenti. Aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpenti.
They proclaim what wasn’t laid down by the Buddha as laid down by him. They proclaim what was laid down by the Buddha as not laid down by him. They proclaim a non-offense as an offense. They proclaim an offense as a non-offense. They proclaim a light offense as heavy. They proclaim a heavy offense as light. They proclaim a curable offense as incurable. They proclaim an incurable offense as curable. They proclaim a grave offense as minor. They proclaim a minor offense as grave.
⚠ 希死念慮の場面では使わない
智慧
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo— ‘suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya upasampadāpekkhā. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, itthannāmā itthannāmaṁ anusāseyyā’ti. Tāya sammatāya bhikkhuniyā upasampadāpekkhaṁ upasaṅkamitvā evamassa vacanīyā— ‘suṇasi itthannāme. Ayaṁ te saccakālo, bhūtakālo. Yaṁ jātaṁ taṁ saṅghamajjhe pucchante santaṁ atthīti vattabbaṁ, asantaṁ natthīti vattabbaṁ. Mā kho vitthāyi, mā kho maṅku ahosi. Evaṁ taṁ pucchissanti—
A competent and capable nun should inform the Sangha: ‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. So-and-so is seeking the full ordination with venerable so-and-so. If the Sangha is ready, so-and-so will instruct so-and-so.’ The appointed nun should go to the one seeking the full ordination and say this: ‘Listen, so-and-so. Now is the time for you to tell the truth. You will be asked in the midst of the Sangha about various matters. If something is true, you should say, “Yes,” and if it’s not, you should say, “No.” Don’t be embarrassed or humiliated. This is what they’ll ask you:
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
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