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経典: vinaya
✕ クリア
苦しみ
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Tīṇipi akusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṁ, tīṇipi kusalamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṁ. Katamāni cha vivādamūlāni vivādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṁ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe vivādaṁ janeti. Yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, vivādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṁ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṁ hoti. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṁ anavassavo hoti.
There are also three unwholesome and three wholesome roots of legal issues arising from disputes. What are the six roots of disputes that in turn are the root of legal issues arising from disputes? It may be that a monk is angry and resentful. One who’s angry and resentful is disrespectful and undeferential toward the Teacher, the Teaching, and the Sangha, and he doesn’t fulfill the training. creates disputes in the Sangha. Disputes are unbeneficial and a cause of unhappiness for humanity; they’re harmful, detrimental, and a cause of suffering for gods and humans. Monks, when you see such a root of disputes either in yourself or others, you should make an effort to get rid of it. If you don’t see such a root either in yourself or others, you should practice so that it doesn’t emerge in the future. In this way, that bad root of disputes is abandoned and doesn’t emerge in the future.
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
苦しみ
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī, so saṅghe anuvādaṁ janeti. Yo hoti anuvādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṁ. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, anuvādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, bhikkhave, anuvādamūlaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, bhikkhave, tasseva pāpakassa anuvādamūlassa āyatiṁ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Katamāni tīṇi akusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṁ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṁ luddhacittā anuvadanti, duṭṭhacittā anuvadanti, mūḷhacittā anuvadanti— sīlavipattiyā vā, ācāravipattiyā vā, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā. Katamāni tīṇi kusalamūlāni anuvādādhikaraṇassa mūlaṁ? Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bhikkhuṁ aluddhacittā anuvadanti, aduṭṭhacittā anuvadanti, amūḷhacittā anuvadanti— sīlavipattiyā vā, ācāravipattiyā vā, diṭṭhivipattiyā vā, ājīvavipattiyā vā.
makes accusations in the Sangha. Accusations are unbeneficial and a cause of unhappiness for humanity; they’re harmful, detrimental, and a cause of suffering for gods and humans. Monks, when you see such a root of accusations either in yourself or others, you should make an effort to get rid of it. If you don’t see such a root either in yourself or others, you should practice so that it doesn’t emerge in the future. What are the three unwholesome roots of accusations? It may be that monks, because of greed, ill will, or delusion, accuse a monk of failure in morality, conduct, view, or livelihood. What are the three wholesome roots of accusations? It may be that monks, because of non-greed, non-ill will, and non-delusion, accuse a monk of failure in morality, conduct, view, or livelihood.
⚠ 自己責任論に誤解されやすい,出家者向けの文脈
苦しみ
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
dānakathaṁ sīlakathaṁ saggakathaṁ, kāmānaṁ ādīnavaṁ okāraṁ saṅkilesaṁ, nekkhamme ānisaṁsaṁ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ kallacittaṁ muducittaṁ vinīvaraṇacittaṁ udaggacittaṁ pasannacittaṁ, atha yā buddhānaṁ sāmukkaṁsikā dhammadesanā taṁ pakāsesi— dukkhaṁ, samudayaṁ, nirodhaṁ, maggaṁ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṁ vatthaṁ apagatakāḷakaṁ sammadeva rajanaṁ paṭiggaṇheyya; evameva anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa tasmiṁyeva āsane virajaṁ vītamalaṁ dhammacakkhuṁ udapādi— “yaṁ kiñci samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ taṁ nirodhadhamman”ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṅkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṁ etadavoca— “abhikkantaṁ, bhante, abhikkantaṁ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya— ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti;
on generosity, morality, and heaven; on the downside, degradation, and defilement of worldly pleasures; and he revealed the benefits of renunciation. When the Buddha knew that his mind was ready, supple, without hindrances, joyful, and confident, he revealed the teaching unique to the Buddhas: suffering, its origin, its end, and the path. And just as a clean and stainless cloth absorbs dye properly, so too, while he was sitting right there, Anāthapiṇḍika experienced the stainless vision of the Truth: “Anything that has a beginning has an end.” He had seen the Truth, had reached, understood, and penetrated it. He had gone beyond doubt and uncertainty, had attained to confidence, and had become independent of others in the Teacher’s instruction. He then said to the Buddha, “Wonderful, sir, wonderful! Just as one might set upright what’s overturned, or reveal what’s hidden, or show the way to one who’s lost, or bring a lamp into the darkness so that one with eyes might see what’s there—
⚠ 出家者向けの文脈
苦しみ
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Theravāda Vinayapiṭaka Mahāvagga 1. Mahākhandhaka 1. Bodhikathā Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato Sammāsambuddhassa. Tena samayena buddho bhagavā uruvelāyaṁ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre bodhirukkhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavā bodhirukkhamūle sattāhaṁ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṁvedī. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paṭhamaṁ yāmaṁ paṭiccasamuppādaṁ anulomapaṭilomaṁ manasākāsi— “Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṁ, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṁ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṁ, upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhavapaccayā jāti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.
Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law The Great Division The great chapter 1. The account with the Bodhi tree Homage to the Buddha, the Perfected One, the fully Awakened One Soon after his awakening, the Buddha was staying at Uruvelā on the bank of the river Nerañjara at the foot of a Bodhi tree. There the Buddha sat cross-legged for seven days without moving, experiencing the bliss of freedom. Then, in the first part of the night, the Buddha reflected on dependent origination in forward and reverse order: “Ignorance is the condition for intentional activities; intentional activities are the condition for consciousness; consciousness is the condition for name and form; name and form are the condition for the six sense spheres; the six sense spheres are the condition for contact; contact is the condition for feeling; feeling is the condition for craving; craving is the condition for grasping; grasping is the condition for existence; existence is the condition for birth; birth is the condition for old age and death, for grief, sorrow, pain, aversion, and distress to come to be. This is how there is the origin of this whole mass of suffering.
⚠ 希死念慮の場面では使わない
苦しみ
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho, saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī”ti. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṁ viditvā tāyaṁ velāyaṁ imaṁ udānaṁ udānesi— “Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā, Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa; Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā, Yato pajānāti sahetudhamman”ti. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā majjhimaṁ yāmaṁ paṭiccasamuppādaṁ anulomapaṭilomaṁ manasākāsi— “avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṁ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti …pe…
But with the complete fading away and end of ignorance comes the end of intentional activities; with the end of intentional activities comes the end of consciousness; with the end of consciousness comes the end of name and form; with the end of name and form comes the end of the six sense spheres; with the end of the six sense spheres comes the end of contact; with the end of contact comes the end of feeling; with the end of feeling comes the end of craving; with the end of craving comes the end of grasping; with the end of grasping comes the end of existence; with the end of existence comes the end of birth; with the end of birth comes the end of old age and death, and the end of sorrow, lamentation, pain, aversion, and distress. This is how there is the end of this whole mass of suffering.” Seeing the significance of this, the Buddha uttered a heartfelt exclamation: “When things become clear To the energetic brahmin who practices absorption, Then all his doubts are dispelled, Since he understands the natural order and its conditions.” In the middle part of the night, the Buddha again reflected on dependent origination in forward and reverse order: “Ignorance is the condition for intentional activities; intentional activities are the condition for consciousness; consciousness is the condition for name and form … This is how there is the origin of this whole mass of suffering. …
⚠ 希死念慮の場面では使わない
苦しみ
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
Sace samānupajjhāyako hoti, samānupajjhāyakena yāvajīvaṁ upaṭṭhātabbo; vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṁ. Sace samānācariyako hoti, samānācariyakena yāvajīvaṁ upaṭṭhātabbo; vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṁ. Sace na hoti upajjhāyo vā ācariyo vā saddhivihāriko vā antevāsiko vā samānupajjhāyako vā samānācariyako vā saṅghena upaṭṭhātabbo. No ce upaṭṭhaheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Pañcahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gilāno dūpaṭṭho hoti— asappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṁ na jānāti, bhesajjaṁ na paṭisevitā hoti, atthakāmassa gilānupaṭṭhākassa yathābhūtaṁ ābādhaṁ nāvikattā hoti ‘abhikkamantaṁ vā abhikkamatīti, paṭikkamantaṁ vā paṭikkamatīti, ṭhitaṁ vā ṭhito’ti, uppannānaṁ sārīrikānaṁ vedanānaṁ dukkhānaṁ tibbānaṁ kharānaṁ kaṭukānaṁ asātānaṁ amanāpānaṁ pāṇaharānaṁ anadhivāsakajātiko hoti. Pañcahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gilāno sūpaṭṭho hoti— sappāyakārī hoti, sappāye mattaṁ jānāti, bhesajjaṁ paṭisevitā hoti, atthakāmassa gilānupaṭṭhākassa yathābhūtaṁ ābādhaṁ āvikattā hoti ‘abhikkamantaṁ vā abhikkamatīti, paṭikkamantaṁ vā paṭikkamatīti, ṭhitaṁ vā ṭhito’ti, uppannānaṁ sārīrikānaṁ vedanānaṁ dukkhānaṁ tibbānaṁ kharānaṁ kaṭukānaṁ asātānaṁ amanāpānaṁ pāṇaharānaṁ adhivāsakajātiko hoti.
If you have a co-student, he should nurse you for life; he shouldn’t go anywhere until you’ve recovered. If you have a co-pupil, he should nurse you for life; he shouldn’t go anywhere until you’ve recovered. If you have none of these, the Sangha should nurse you. If you don’t nurse one who is sick, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. “A sick person who has five qualities is hard to nurse: they do what’s detrimental for curing the sickness; they don’t know the right amount in what’s beneficial; they don’t take their medicine; they don’t accurately describe the state of their illness—whether it’s getting worse, better, or remaining the same—to the one who’s nursing them and wishing them well; they’re unable to bear up with bodily feelings that are painful, severe, sharp, and life-threatening. A sick person who has five qualities is easy to nurse: they do what’s beneficial for curing the sickness; they know the right amount in what’s beneficial; they take their medicine; they accurately describe the state of their illness—whether it’s getting worse, better, or remaining the same—to the one who’s nursing them and wishing them well; they’re able to bear up with bodily feelings that are painful, severe, sharp, and life-threatening.
苦しみ
vinaya
趣旨一致
中
nirodho hotī”ti. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṁ viditvā tāyaṁ velāyaṁ imaṁ udānaṁ udānesi— “Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā, Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa; Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā, Yato khayaṁ paccayānaṁ avedī”ti. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā pacchimaṁ yāmaṁ paṭiccasamuppādaṁ anulomapaṭilomaṁ manasākāsi— “avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṁ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti …pe… nirodho hotī”ti.
This is how there is the end of this whole mass of suffering.” Seeing the significance of this, the Buddha uttered a heartfelt exclamation: “When things become clear To the energetic brahmin who practices absorption, Then all his doubts are dispelled, Since he’s understood the end of the conditions.” In the last part of the night, the Buddha again reflected on dependent origination in forward and reverse order: “Ignorance is the condition for intentional activities; intentional activities are the condition for consciousness; consciousness is the condition for name and form … This is how there is the origin of this whole mass of suffering. … This is how there is the end of this whole mass of suffering.”
経典データの出典: SuttaCentral(CC0ライセンス)